knowledge data base | River Ribble Tidal V

Main Reports.

Within this section of the website are reports from many researchers with subjects on the Ribble estuary and climate change from many different organisations and institutions, Many of these reports show possible future changes within the environment that we know today.

Also within this section will be a solutions section which will show reports on tidal ranges and flood barrages within the United Kingdom as well as many renewable energy solutions which may pave the way for net zero 2050 both within energy generation and energy conservation.

if you see a report you would like to read just hover over the item and click, This will redirect you to the report's webpage.

The Ribble estuary Reports.

The Ribble estuary report_file download:

sea level rise

Historical Rise: Since 1880, the global average sea level has risen by about 250 millimeters (9.8 inches)1. This rise has been attributed to various factors, including the thermal expansion of seawater as it warms, melting glaciers, and the loss of ice from the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets.Between 1901 and 2018, the average global sea level rose by 15–25 cm (6–10 inches), with an average rate of 1–2 mm (0.039–0.079 inches) per year. However, this rate has accelerated to 4.62 mm (0.182 inches) per year for the decade 2013–2022 1.The primary causes of sea level rise include:

Sea level is projected to rise by up to one foot by 2050, regardless of reductions in carbon emissions. This is due to the heat already absorbed by the oceans and the inertia of the climate system. Rising sea levels can lead to coastal flooding, higher storm surges, and the loss of habitats such as mangroves. It also poses risks to agriculture due to salinization and can disrupt sea trade due to damage to ports.

The rate of sea level rise is not uniform across the globe. Some areas, like the US East Coast, are experiencing rates higher than the global average. In the long run, with continued high greenhouse gas emissions, sea levels could rise by 1–2 meters (3.5–6.5 feet) by 2100 1. The exact rise will depend on future emissions and the response of the climate system.

Sea level rise Reports

Environmental climate change and

Weather systems.

Polar areas and vortex.

The polar vortex is a band of strong westerly winds in the stratosphere, encircling the poles. It contains extremely cold air and is stronger in winter.

Climate Change Impact: Some studies suggest that as the Arctic warms due to climate change, it can affect the stability of the polar vortex. A warmer Arctic may lead to a weaker polar vortex, which can become distorted or split 2 3.
Jet Stream and Weather Patterns: The weakening of the polar vortex may influence the jet stream, causing it to meander and bring extreme weather patterns, including cold spells to mid-latitude regions 1.
Sudden Stratospheric Warmings: Disruptions in the polar vortex, known as sudden stratospheric warmings, can lead to spikes in polar stratosphere temperatures and result in cold air outbreaks in lower latitudes 1.
Arctic Oscillation: The state of the polar vortex can also be linked to the Arctic Oscillation, a pattern that influences winter weather in the mid-latitudes. A strong vortex tends to be associated with a positive phase of the Arctic Oscillation, leading to milder weather in mid-latitudes and colder conditions in the Arctic.

Polar areas and vortex Papers.

Anthropogenic emissions increases

MIsc (climate change or climate change effects)

Polar areas and vortex.

The polar vortex is a band of strong westerly winds in the stratosphere, encircling the poles. It contains extremely cold air and is stronger in winter.

Climate Change Impact: Some studies suggest that as the Arctic warms due to climate change, it can affect the stability of the polar vortex. A warmer Arctic may lead to a weaker polar vortex, which can become distorted or split23.

Jet Stream and Weather Patterns: The weakening of the polar vortex may influence the jet stream, causing it to meander and bring extreme weather patterns, including cold spells to mid-latitude regions1.

Sudden Stratospheric Warmings: Disruptions in the polar vortex, known as sudden stratospheric warmings, can lead to spikes in polar stratosphere temperatures and result in cold air outbreaks in lower latitudes1.

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Climate Change Impact: Some studies suggest that as the Arctic warms due to climate change, it can affect the stability of the polar vortex. A warmer Arctic may lead to a weaker polar vortex, which can become distorted or split 2 3.

Jet Stream and Weather Patterns: The weakening of the polar vortex may influence the jet stream, causing it to meander and bring extreme weather patterns, including cold spells to mid-latitude regions 1.

Sudden Stratospheric Warmings: Disruptions in the polar vortex, known as sudden stratospheric warmings, can lead to spikes in polar stratosphere temperatures and result in cold air outbreaks in lower latitudes 1.